Connectivity As A Human Right

THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES and THE FOUNDATION FOR WORLD WIDE COOPERATION Conference on CONNECTIVITY AS A HUMAN RIGHT 10 October 2017 | Casina Pio IV | Vatican City  Humanity has entered a new era in which our technical prowess has brought us to a crossroads. We are the beneficiaries of two centuries of enormous waves of change: steam engines, railways, the telegraph, electricity, automobiles, aeroplanes, chemical industries, modern medicine, information technology and, more recently, the digital revolution, robotics, biotechnologies and nanotechnologies. It is right to rejoice in these advances and to be excited by the immense possibilities which they continue to open up before us, for “science and technology are wonderful products of a God-given human creativity”.The modification of nature for useful purposes has distinguished the human family from the beginning; technology itself “expresses the inner tension that impels man gradually to overcome material limitations”. Technology has remedied countless evils which used to harm and limit human beings. How can we not feel gratitude and appreciation for this progress, especially in the fields of medicine, engineering and communications? How could we not acknowledge the work of many scientists and engineers who have provided alternatives to make development sustainable? Pope Francis, Laudato si’, paragraph 102. Introduction As the world’s primary means of enabling learn- ing, delivering knowledge, providing health care, enhancing agriculture, saving the environment, creating jobs, and understanding each other, the Inter- net is moving from commercial service to public utility. Still 3 billion people have no connection. The next step should become for them a human right. Human rights are free and being human is the only requirement to be eligible. Free to every human who may need it is not cost free to society. Like public schools, street-lights, roads and sidewalks, it becomes the responsibility of civic society thereafter to manage, maintain, bid and subcontract the constituent parts in a competitive, innovative, free market manner. Like pri- mary healthcare, public education, rule of law, police and defense forces. Education, a special and important case, is the fast- est road to dignity and freedom. It can no longer be a toll road. We can say that “a school without connectivity is not a school for the 21st century” and that all stu- dents and teachers have the right to be connected. For those who are disabled to be connected to the digital environment may change their lives. The same applies for a continued education, in particular for senior elders and the poor, who are mostly excluded from the digital resources. The cost to connect every human being worldwide is far less than 0.1% of what we currently spent on war. Surely that is a small price to pay to elevate all of so- ciety, eliminate ignorance, alleviate poverty, share basic knowledge, and work toward world peace by better un- derstanding each other. Connectivity as a Human Right  3 Programme TUESDAY, 10 OCTOBER 2017 WELCOME 9.00 Joachim von Braun, President of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences 9.05  H.E. Msgr. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences INTRODUCTION Moderator: Joachim von Braun 9.10 Romano Prodi | The Right to Connectivity 9:25 Discussion 9:35 Nicholas Negroponte | Worldwide Free Internet through a Global Public Sector 9:50 Discussion 10:00 Jeffrey Sachs | Why Connectivity is Vital for the Sustainable Development Goals 10:15 Discussion 10:25 Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka | Women’s Rights are Connected Rights 10:40  Discussion 10:50 Coffee Break HUMAN RIGHTS DOCTRINE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS Moderator: Alessandro Ovi 11:05 Ronald Daniels | Introduction 11:20 Discussion 11:30 Gianni Magazzeni | UN Decisions and Proposals 11:45  Discussion Free Versus Affordable / Public Sector, Telcos 11:55 Denis O’Brien | The Role of Silicon Valley in the Development of Broadband in the Developing World 12:10 Discussion 12:20 Roberto Viola | Connecting Europe 12:35  Discussion DIRECT AND DERIVATIVE BENEFITS Moderator: Antonio M. Battro Education 12:45 Miguel Brechner | Technology as a Driver of New Pedagogies for the 21st Century 13:00 Discussion 13:10 Matt Keller | Global Learning 13:25 Discussion 13:35 Lunch at the Casina Pio IV 15:00 General Discussion | Discussant: Molly Burhans 4  Connectivity as a Human Right Health and Job Creation 15:15 Joachim von Braun | Connectivity for All in Rural Areas – Improving Agriculture, Food Security and Employment 15:30 Discussion 15:40 Máximo Torero | ICTs and Health: Opportunities and Barriers 15:55 Discussion 16:05 Giusella Finocchiaro | The Legal and the Social Perspective 16:20 Discussion 16:30 General Discussion | Discussant: Tara Ramanathan 16:45 Coffee Break TECHNICAL MEANS , METHODS AND GLOBAL ADVOCACY Moderator: Roberto Viola Orbital and Terrestrial 17:00 Yael Maguire | Creating a World of Opportunities 17:15 Discussion 17:25 Michael Lubin | We Know the Why and Have the How. Now Who? 17:40 Discussion 17:50 Valeria Termini | The Role of Energy Regulators 18:05 Discussion Global Advocacy 18:15 Stefano Quintarelli | Radical Digital Change 18:30 Discussion 18:40 General Discussion | Discussant: Dominique Lambert 18:55 Crafting a Final Statement | Moderator: Matt Keller 19:55 End 20:00 Dinner at the Casina Pio IV Connectivity as a Human Right  5 List of Participants Speakers Antonio M. Battro, Member, Pontifical Academy of Sciences and Academia Nacional de Educación, Argentina Joachim von Braun, President, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City Miguel Brechner, President, Plan Ceibal, Uruguay Ronald Daniels, President, Johns Hopkins University, USA Giusella Finocchiaro, President, Fondazione del Monte, Italy Matt Keller, Senior Director, Global Learning XPRIZE, USA Michael Lubin, Senior Advisor, ViaSat, Inc., USA Gianni Magazzeni, Chief, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, Switzerland Yael Maguire, PhD, Facebook Connectivity Lab, USA Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of UN Women, South Africa Nicholas Negroponte, Professor Emeritus, Co-Founder, MIT Media Lab, Founder, One Laptop per Child, USA Denis O’Brien, Chairman, Digicel, Ireland Alessandro Ovi, Vicepresident, Foundation for World Wide Cooperation, Italy Romano Prodi, President, World Wide Cooperation, former Primer Minister, Italy Stefano Quintarelli, Member of Parliament, Italy Jeffrey Sachs, Professor, Columbia University and Special Advisor to UN Secretary-General, USA Msgr. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Chancellor, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City Valeria Termini, Member, Collegio dell’Autorità per l’Energia Elettrica, il GAS e il Sistema Idrico (AEEGSI), Italy Máximo Torero, Executive Director for Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Perú and Uruguay, World Bank Roberto Viola, Director General of DG CONNECT (Directorate General of Communication, Networks, Content and Technology) at the European Commission Discussants Molly Burhans, Director, Goodlands, USA Dominique Lambert, Professor, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Philosophy, University of Namur, Belgium Tara Ramanathan, Director, Nexleaf, USA Observers Gilles Dowek Jennifer Elisseeff Daniela Flamini Maria Amata Garito Giuseppe Guzzetti John McCaffrey Salvatore Luigi Parlatore Diana Rusu Elisabetta Sabatini Sonia Sachs Ritu Sharma Hugo Trentesaux Danilo Türk Lorenzo Zambernardi Roberto Zamora Maria José Zamora 6  Connectivity as a Human Right MEMORANDUM 1. On 10 October 2017 a bus will leave the Domus Sanctae Marthae at 8:40 a.m. for the Headquarters of the Academy (Casina Pius IV). A bus will depart from the Academy after dinner at the end of the afternoon sessions to take participants back to the Domus Sanctae Marthae. Lunch and dinner for the participants will be served at the Academy. 2. If you are coming to the Academy on your own, please enter the Vatican through the Sant’Uffizio Gate or Perugino Gate. Please make sure you bring your passport/ID since you will be crossing the Vatican City State border. The Vatican guards will have a list of the invitees. 3. Could you please let us know, as soon as possible, if you have any dietary restrictions, food allergies and/or religious restrictions. 4. WiFi is available in the conference hall at the Casina Pio IV. Please log in to the network called WLAN_PADS (WPA2). Type !!WIFI_2017_PADS!! as the password. You can check our website www.pas.va for further information on the Academy, the Academicians, and current and past events. Vers. N. 12 | 9 October 2017 Connectivity as a Human Right  7 Chiesa di Santo Stefano degli Abissini St Stephen of the Abyssinians Church Ingresso del Perugino The ‘Perugino’ gate Domus Sanctae Marthae Altare Tomba S. 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